Sample Reports

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Explore sample bias analysis reports. Each example showcases different aspects of our comprehensive methodology assessment.

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The Retraction Landmine: Wakefield MMR/Autism Study

Critical Bias Risk

The infamous 1998 paper that sparked the anti-vaccine movement. Fully retracted for fraud, data fabrication, and ethical violations. Shows how Paper Integrity catches retracted papers.

Retracted
Data Fabrication
Undisclosed Conflicts

The Replication Failure: Ego Depletion Study

High Bias Risk

Highly influential psychology paper (7,000+ citations) whose findings failed to replicate in large pre-registered studies. A cautionary tale of small-sample research.

Failed Replication
Underpowered
P-hacking Risk

The Hidden Conflict: VIGOR/Vioxx Trial

High Bias Risk

Landmark pharma trial that downplayed cardiovascular risks. NEJM issued an Expression of Concern. Vioxx was later withdrawn after causing ~100,000 heart attacks.

Industry Funded
Data Omission
Expression of Concern

The Methodology Minefield: Power Posing Study

High Bias Risk

Famous 'power pose' study claiming 2-minute poses change hormones. Lead author has publicly disavowed it. Hormonal findings failed to replicate.

Author Disavowed
Underpowered
Failed Replication

The Preprint Pitfall: Surgisphere HCQ Study

Critical Bias Risk

Fraudulent COVID-19 study claiming hydroxychloroquine harm. Data came from a company whose database likely never existed. Retracted within 2 weeks.

Retracted
Fabricated Data
Unverifiable Source

The Gold Standard: RECOVERY Trial

Low Bias Risk

Exemplary COVID-19 trial showing dexamethasone saves lives. Large, pre-registered, independent, transparent. This is what high-quality evidence looks like.

Pre-registered
Large Sample
Independent Funding

The Cell Biology Classic: Src-Integrin Regulation

Low Bias Risk

Foundational 1999 Nature Cell Biology paper on integrin-cytoskeleton interactions. 259 citations, clean record. Shows how Paper Integrity handles legitimate, well-conducted research.

Clean Record
High Citations
Replicated Findings

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